Youth in Indian Politics

India needs young leaders who personify energy, enthusiasm, morality, and diligence. No doubt we have progressed a lot in the last 65 years but the development pace would have been completely different had some young torchbearers led this process of development. At the time of independence, Gandhi called upon the youth to participate actively in the freedom movement. Young leaders like Nehru came and led the movement. But. nowadays we have only a handful of young leaders. The youth today are not interested in actively participating in the political field. They are content with what they are doing . Young people are not given opportunities to prove themselves because the politicians say that they are not equipped with experience to participate actively in the governance of the country. Old people should realize that proper development can take place only when they make way for younger people to enter in to politics I would like to suggest that there should be a retirement age for politicians. There should also be some educational qualification for politicians. How can we give the key to our country to those illiterates. The youth of our country, can contribute in areas like educating people, raising awareness about various social ills, and many other areas. Young people possess energy, but it should be channelized in the right direction. Misguided youth may do great harm to the society. Moreover, it is on the shoulders of the young that the future of the country rests, because they represent new values, new thinking and the new ways of life. Even our former president and eminent scientist Dr . APJ Abdul Kalam said that the youth should be a part of the politics, this will ensure the states growth and development Society should mould itself according to the thinking of the young because it is difficult for the older generation to have new thinking. The young should always look with hope and confidence to the future of the country. They must have the spirit to work among the masses and also give a sense of direction for the others to follow. In India we want to be free from poverty, disease and all types of divisive forces. Our political freedom must create conditions not only for better life but also for peace. The youth of India should be inspired with these ideas and make them as popular with the people . In fact the older generation becomes hardened in their thinking. So it is difficult for them to adopt a new path. The faith of the young people is never so rigid. They can adopt, modify and change their ideas according to the demands of the circumstances. So youth of India should take this responsibility on their shoulders. Another responsibility which Indian youth will have to take is to revive our culture. If we break with our culture no progress is made in the society. The great ideas enshrined in our culture will help us to set the energies of nation in the proper direction. Various social movements which seem to be the basis of progress need the help of the younger generations. the younger generation has vision of the future and is guided by that vision. So â€Å"a nation is built in its educational institutions† through younger generations. India is wedded to the policy of industrial development, but no industry can make progress till men are properly trained and technologists help in the development of the industries of the country. Only the young generation can give appropriate direction. Therefore ,I conclude that all these steps would lead to nothing if the educated youth doesn’t come forward and fights for a change in the political system. As a famous Hindi poet had once said, â€Å",those who are mute spectators of injustice are also responsible for it â€Å"Just casting our votes is not enough, we must be a part of politics in india†

Importance of EPF Essay

In general, the EPF Board may authorize the withdrawal of the sum of money standing to the credit of a member, if it is satisfied that, The member has died, Has attained the age of 55 yrs, Member is physically or mentally incapacitated from engaging in employment or The member not being a Malaysian citizen is about to leave Malaysia with no intention of returning. In partial withdrawal, Ss. 54; EPF Board also may also authorize application to withdraw partial amount standing to the credit of the member; attained the age of 50 yrs, Has purchased or built a house, Has purchased or built a house and has taken a loan made on the security of a charge on the house for its purchase or construction or Requires medical financing. In Account I, it consists of 60% of all contributions for the purpose of retirement at the age of 55 yrs while in account 2; it consists of 40% of all contributions for housing withdrawal or withdrawal at the age of 50 yrs. Under Current Scheme of Withdrawal, Pre retirement consists Housing withdrawal scheme, Withdrawal upon reaching 50 yrs old and Medical withdrawal. Upon Retirement consists lump sum withdrawal, periodic withdrawal and withdraw a portion of the savings in a lump sum and the balance periodically. In withdrawal to purchase a house, this withdrawal allows you to withdraw your Account 2 savings to finance the purchase of a house. Withdrawal to purchase a second house is allowed after the first house is sold or disposal of ownership of property has taken place. Disposal of ownership refers to ‘loss of ownership of the first house owned through previous EPF withdrawal’ either due to auction, surrender of property by court order, transfer of ownership because of love and affection, destruction of house due to natural disaster, abandoned housing project or cancellation of purchase. The application eligibility is either a Malaysian Citizen; OR a Malaysian Citizen who has made Leaving the Country Withdrawal before 1 August 1995 and has opted to re-contribute to the EPF; OR a Non-Malaysian Citizen who: has become an EPF member before 1 August 1998; OR has obtained a Permanent Resident status (PR). The applicant have not reached 55 years of age at the time the EPF receives your application; AND have at least RM500.00 of savings in Account 2. The applicant are eligible to apply if buy or build a residential house (type: bungalow / terrace / semi-detached / apartment / condominium / studio apartment / service apartment / townhouse / SOHO) or a shop lot with residential unit. The purchase is financed through: Housing loan from any of the institutions as follows: Financial Institutions licensed under the Banking and Financial Institutions Act 1989 (BAFIA) Central / State government or any other government financial agencies Member’s employers Cooperatives / Cooperative Companies with license (approved by Malaysian Cooperative Commission, Ministry of Entrepreneur and Co-operative Development) Licensed insurance companies approved by the Central Bank of Malaysia Loan providers allowed by the EPF OR (ii) Cash purchase. You have signed the Sale and Purchase agreement of not more than three (3) years at the time your application is received by EPF. You have never made a Housing Withdrawal; OR you have made a withdrawal to purchase your first house and have sold the house or disposal of ownership has taken place and subsequently buy a second house. Proof of sale / disposal of ownership of the first house must be submitted. You intend to buy a house which has been acquired from a rental with a view of purchase agreement from a party authorised by EPF. You have bought a land and built a house on the same land simultaneously (dates of the agreement to purchase the land and the agreement to construct the house must be within 6 months). You are not eligible to apply if you: Buy a land or a house lot only, Renovate, repair or do additional work to the existing house, Ownership of property is not via sale and purchase transaction, Have taken an overdraft loan, Buy a third house or Buy a house abroad You can withdraw your savings as follows: HOUSE PURCHASE OWNED BY INDIVIDUAL JOINT PURCHASE WITH SPOUSE OR IMMEDIATE FAMILY MEMBER OR OTHER INDIVIDUAL The difference between the house price with the loan amount and an additional 10% of the house price OR All your savings in Account 2. (Whichever is lower but not less than RM500.00) The difference between the house price with the loan amount and an additional 10% of the house price OR All the savings in each purchaser’s Account 2 subject to the maximum amount eligible for withdrawal. (Whichever is lower but not less than RM500.00) 100% HOUSING LOAN PURCHASE WITHOUT LOAN / CASH PURCHASE 10% of the house price OR All your savings in Account 2. (Whichever is lower but not less than RM500.00) House price with an additional 10% of the house price OR All your savings in Account 2. (Whichever is lower but not less than RM500.00) You may choose to decide on the amount to withdraw from your Account 2, subject to the maximum amount eligible by filling in the desired amount in the Housing Withdrawal Form (KWSP 9C) (AHL). You may have made a housing withdrawal previously but have cancelled the purchase of the house. In this situation, the withdrawal amount need not be returned. The current eligible amount will be deducted from the amount previously withdrawn subject to the eligible balance (if any). Failure to Return the Unused Amount for Withdrawal Purpose If the applicant does not use the withdrawal payment for the purpose of the withdrawal is made, the applicant is considered as has committed an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to a fine not exceeding RM2,000.00 or to both [Section 58A,  EPF Act 1991 (Amendment) 2007]. Incorrect or False Declaration or Furnishing False Documents If the applicant provides incorrect or false declaration or furnishes false documents, the applicant is considered as has committed an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three years or to a fine not exceeding RM10,000.00 or to both [Section 59, EPF Act 1991 (Amendment) 2007]. Payment in Malaysia All withdrawal payments will be credited directly into your account subject to the following: a. You have an account with a panel bank appointed by EPF; AND b. Your account is still active; AND c. Your bank account is a Savings / Current Account (personal) OR Joint Account for withdrawal amount of more than RM100,000.00. d. Your identification number matches with the bank’s record. e. Payment is made in Ringgit Malaysia (RM). However, if the payment cannot be credited into member’s bank account due to causes such as bank account is not active or your identification number does not match with the bank’s record, payment will be made via banker’s cheque. (ii) Remittance of Payment to Foreign Countries   Payment is made via Foreign Bank Draft. Types of currencies are as follows: Foreign currency as per member’s choice stated in the application form subject to the currency is available in EPF’s list for the purpose of payment via Foreign Bank Draft; OR In US Dollar if the currency stated by the member in the withdrawal form is not available in EPF’s list for the purpose of payment via Foreign Bank Draft Note: EPF will make a verification with the member again if the type of currency chosen in the application form is not available in the allowed list or before changing the type of currency to US Dollar.

The Sandplay Therapy Process. Images of the Self (Estelle L. Weinrib) Essay

The Sandplay Therapy Process. Images of the Self (Estelle L. Weinrib) 2004 Review - Essay Example The children and their metal status decide their life and their behavior. The author relates the theories proposed by scientists like Neumann and Jung are portrayed in such a way that the reader gets a complete idea about the sandplay treatment. The theory of Neumann concentrates more on the psychological aspects of a person. The psychic development and its effects are clearly depicted and the consciousness level of a person is also explained. (Weinrib, 2004).The author also provides information about the development in childhood. The major part of childhood development relies on the psychological factors and they in turn decide the character of the children. Children's ego must be developed in a healthy environment since the environment where the children grow play a vital part in their life. The psychological factors and the role they play in a child's life are referred with the help of Jung's theories. Jung's theories were based on the connection between the unconscious self. The sandplay which was first found by Dr.Margaret, was considered to be the best treatment that identified the problems in the children. Sandplay treatment did not make use of any explicit medical equipment. It treated the children in such a way that the result was effective. The author stroke the difference between the normal verbal treatment and the sandplay treatment. ... Psychology was an important concept and the doctors had to strike a balance between these factors and the emotions. The deeper thoughts and mental states were examined before the beginning of the treatment. The mentality of the children and their mental state has been clearly defined in the book. The author has emphasized on the fact that the child's feelings and emotions can be caught with the help of sandplay. (Weinrib, 2004).The treatment initially began from the idea of Dr.Margaret with an effort to treat children without disturbing their mental status. Since the psychological part of a person decides their life, the treatment concentrated more on those aspects. Sandplay Treatment Sandplay treatment helped people to express their anger, fear and other emotions. The treatment also helped them to get back to their normal status within a very short period of time. Jung's theory also stated that the other issues related to developmental problems and behavioral attributes were also resolved using this treatment. The major goal of Jung's therapy was to help the children to become normal without any psychological disorders. After its introduction, the treatment became popular within a short period and most of the doctors preferred this type of treatment. The effort of Jung became successful and thus the problem that prevailed was resolved easily. The concept of this treatment was derived from the way the children expressed their feelings while handling the miniatures. Children who played with miniature dolls showed their anger and frustration which they had with their family members or with their friends. They

Company Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Company Law - Essay Example AoA) or Memorandum of Association (MoA) (Tomasic, Bottomley and McQueen, 2002). The key legal issue identified is in the case scenario concentrates on whether the actions of Anna and Susanna were focused on yielding personal benefits or the company’s interest. Step 2: The Relevant Law A company’s management is generally administered by the provisions of Corporations Law under Section 134 which applies to companies as ‘replaceable laws’ by constitution. However, it is the sole discretion of the company’s management to decide on the number of replaceable laws to be applied which are mentioned in the Corporations Act 2001. Furthermore, Section 140(1)(b) of the Corporations Act 2001 states that replaceable and constitution laws are obliged to a contract engaging the company and its directors under which every director agrees to adhere to the rules and constitutions mentioned as per the organisational interests (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2011). In relation to Section 198 of Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) the directors of the companies possess the authority to exercise all the discretionary powers except for those which require additional approvals in accordance to the constitution. With reference to Section 198C, the directors of a company may assign a managing director and bestow the personnel with responsibilities according to their convenience and requirements. Furthermore, the management also enjoys the authority to cancel or reassign powers of the managing director, who have been assigned with the discretion of all the directors (Tomasic, Bottomley and McQueen, 2002). Under the act, if a company or its entitled directors aim to appoint a managing director it must ensure that the formalities comply with the Corporations Act 2001 as mentioned under Section 198C. The law specifies that the directors of the company should adhere to certain rules that have been decided and assigned to the managing director, irrespective of their discreti onary powers. Breaching of contracts or agreements within the directors or shareholders of a company may lead to violation of the law as stated in Section 180(1) by the Corporate Law Reform Act 1992. A similar situation have been identified in the case of Vines v ASIC (2007) 73 NSWLR 451, where the director breached the common law or contract, and consequentially, the court agreed that the judgement could amount to sue the director for the damages caused by negligence of law (Pitt and Luxton, 2011). However, statutory defences are available under Sections 180(3) of the Business Judgement Rule which states that breach of contract can be defended if the director can prove that the decision and action taken was in relevant to the business operations of the corporation (Nadeau, 2006). Step 3: Apply the Law to the Problem Leaping Lizard Coffee Emporium Pty Ltd specialises in coffee and other coffee-related accessories. It operates as a private company formed by Joan, Anna, Prafula and Su sanna who were further designated as the directors of the company with equal share capital. In addition, the company consists of three members each owning 1000 ordinary class shares. The company has been registered under the Corporations Act 2001 in the year 2012 and adopted replaceable rules under Sections 6, 33A to 39, 198A and 198C. Besides, the company has appointed a managing direct

Tears of men and women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tears of men and women - Essay Example Also, the tasks associated by varied cultures to the two different sexes relate a lot to their emotional mindset. The women mostly take care of children while the men earn and take care of the material and social needs of the family. Also, under the situations marked by emotional distress, women are more capable of being obvious with their tears while the men remain emotionally restraint. Yet, in the light of the available facts, tears do enable a person to give vent to pent up emotions and the hesitation on the part of men to be forthcoming with tears could give way to many health, psychological and social problems in them (Hales 1). Hence, the modern men need to be more sensitive and must be willing to come out with tears, if the need be. Being scarcely conversant with how men deal with emotions in other cultures, the views expressed by me are qualified by the norms and expectations of the culture in which I was born. Crying is perhaps the truest expression of human emotions as it allows a person to express one’s emotions. For instance, even young children who cannot speak do tend to communicate with their parents through crying. People tend to shed tears both when they are sad and when they are very happy. For instance the death of a loved one could undeniably lead one to tears. I distinctly remember that I wept when my son was born. This is because my wife was suffering from serious gynecological problems at that time and the doctors had warned her against conceiving as she had already miscarried twice. The point that I am trying to make is that crying tends to be extempore amongst both the sexes when they suddenly comes across sad or elating situation. However, things are not as simple. In a social context, most of the human traditions and practices do tend to regiment the expression of tears amongst men and women, which places men in psychologically difficult situations, hampering them from the natural expression of their emotions (Mens Line Austra lia 1). Perhaps, men hesitate from shedding tears has a lot to do with the weak status of the women in different societies. There is no denying the fact that both men and women are looking for love, affection and understanding in their life. Yet, women are more forthcoming with emotions as compared to men. It is also true that women are more prone to emotional, financial and sexual exploitation, at least in a visible context. Even men who become victims of exploitation in intimate relationships prefer to hide their dilemma. Hence, the more obvious exploitation of women in many societies makes men think that shedding tears is a mark of weakness and if they are more outright with their emotions, it will make them more vulnerable and will make them appear weak. This factor also amply inhibits men from expressing emotions. Many experts tend to hold that mentally women happen to be wired differently as compared to men (Lloyd 1). The mental anatomy of women makes it easier for them to giv e vent to their emotions by crying (Lloyd 2). In contrast the approach of men towards distressing and challenging situations tends to be different. Men approach emotional issues and situations in a more logical and restrained manner (Lloyd 2). However, this development of disparate mental circuitry in women and men over the evolutionary progress has in a way placed the women in a situation of advantage

What Honda has to offer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

What Honda has to offer - Essay Example Honda therefore presents itself as a corporation which is founded upon the solid values of delivering high quality and efficient design cars besides portraying itself as an organization which shows its concerns about preserving the environment. This therefore allows Honda to become attractive especially to such audience which considers its ethical consumers and base their buying decisions on the basis of an organization’s environmental protection records. In order to compete with established firms in aircraft industry, Honda needs to rely more on its legacy and market its past successes in terms of bringing in high quality and efficient design car technology. Further, Honda also needs to ensure that it pitches its message to the audience which is its tested market. Honda has been more successful in markets other than US or Europe therefore in order to compete with these firms, it is critical that Honda must adapt to the regional marketing targeted specially at Asian

International Trade Meets Intellectuall Property Essay

International Trade Meets Intellectuall Property - Essay Example These policies include the granting of trademarks, copyrights and patents. Patents protect inventions that are novel, not obvious to those in the field, and useful. Trademarks are commercial symbols that producers use to identify their services and products. Copyrights protect authorship works, such as books, from the time of their creation. The protection extends to integrated circuits lay outs designs, trade secrets, geographical indications and industrial design (Bainbridge 100). The stakes in protecting intellectual property were high for many companies in the US. Not only in the product development is cost, in the knowledge-based and artistic industries, but success rarely guarantee. Before TRIPS, the completion of TRIPS, US International Trade Commission estimates were that American companies lose between $50 and $70 billion annually to inadequate intellectual property protection abroad. Most affected of this are Pharmaceuticals, films, publications, chemical products, sound recording and software. For example, international markets were of growing significance to the US film and television business. However, as videocassette recorders became readily available the level of film piracy increased (Idris 241). The position IP-based industries were not universally accepted, however. Many developing nations oppose the idea of strengthening international intellectual property rights. Moreover, not only the developing countries opposed to it but also some industrialized countries. These nations, traditionally did not allow patents on food and medicines holding that monopolies should not be permitted on products so essential to consumer welfare. Developing countries argue that increasing IP protection brings no significant, dynamic gains but inflicts considerable static costs: price increases, harm to consumer welfare and more royalties to foreigners (Goldstein 150). Many developing countries did not that intellectual property

Contemporary Business Communication and One Language Policy in Busines Essay

Contemporary Business Communication and One Language Policy in Business - Essay Example In this article, Neeley highlights the benefits of adopting a language with a global appeal like English as the official mode of communication for multinationals with cross-border operations. By using different languages depending on the country of operation, multinationals like Samsung would adopt English in the united states and the united kingdom, Spanish in Spain and the southern American and Caribbean states, French in France and its former colonies in Africa and Latin America among other languages. This leads to complication and lack of uniform operation and mode of communicating important policy issues from the head office which uses Korean as the official language (Fredriksson, Barner & Piekkari, 2006). Multilingualism may be viewed as an approach to eliminating the challenges of communication barriers facing multinationals but its application in the entire organization affects the communication process and creates confusion. This lays the ground for policy misinterpretation and lack of effective unit management and coherence with the head office. In this paper, the sentiments of Neeley (2012) will be discussed in relation to the current use of English in multinationals operating in predominantly non-English countries. According to Neeley (2012), the adoption of a common communication mode is more than just being a good idea for organizations with domestic operations in the United States with international target market or companies in France intending to tap on the domestic market. The use of different languages in an organization affects the operation of the multinationals and constitutes to the inefficient management approaches. Organizations today exist as interactive places where communication is key to the success of the approaches adopted. Managers and supervisors of  multinationals coordinate the task of employees based in different countries whose language may not be common to the supervisors. A number of factors have been attributed to the current emergence of English as a common communication language in multinationals across the globe (Bell, 2011).  

Transforming Complaints into Commitments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Transforming Complaints into Commitments - Essay Example I, therefore, came up with a plan that I believed would be the best solution. My plan was to call a Towing company whenever I found a car parked in my space. I was, however, concerned about my safety and that of my property. I assumed that if I call the towing company to tow people’s cars away, they might get angry and vandalize my car, especially because of the expensive tow bills. The people might also turn their anger on me. I developed a different way to deal with the issue. My solution was to talk to the apartment management to place a bigger sign telling people that the parking space was reserved. I noticed that some did not notice that it was a reserved parking space. I am also willing to politely tell people to stop parking on other people’s spaces whenever I see them. Course concepts used are values and assumptions. Values are my beliefs on what is right or wrong. My values guided my decision making since it made me think of solving the problem. I developed an improved way of dealing with the situation. Because of my values, that is, the other people should respect my rights, I thought of involving the towing company. My values influenced my assumptions for I thought of the effect the expense of towing a car would have on their owners. My values influenced my decision. I believe in what is right, but I also value peace. Towing the cars could solve the problem, but it could create another more serious problem. The people could get angry, and this could put my life in danger. They could even decide to vandalize my car. I, therefore, thought of more modest risk. This was communicating with the people to let them know about my parking space. This would yield almost the same results, but was a more modest way. I used assumptions to guide my decision making on a modest way to deal with the issue. I first thought of a solution which would work, which was to call a

Crime and Punishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Crime and Punishment - Essay Example t or whether, a complaint should be dropped due to lack of sufficient evidences or the unavailability of key witnesses whose depositions are important for framing charges against the alleged offenders. 2. The prosecutor is expected to inform victims of the pressing of criminal charges against the suspect(s), inform the rights of the victims, the availability of legal assistance in the event parties are not able to afford legal services, the dates on which Courts would take up hearing of cases, plea agreement, pre-trial diversion, changes in court schedules, and the date, time and venue in which sentencing would take place. (The Role of Criminal Justice System Personnel). A social construct could be said to be a social framework, categorization or grouping that envisages viewing of an individual, group or idea in terms of social or culture constructions. (Social constructs - Definition of key race relations terms, (2008). Social status, for one thing, could be said to be a social construct. It is often seen that in the US, the cases of discrimination while deciding criminal cases based on social status are quite large and disproportionate. The discretionary powers of the main players, including the prosecutors are immense and may allow scope for unfair treatment of process of meting justice of a social race or person with social background. (Klepper et al, 1983, P 55). It is seen that often prosecutors may dismiss a case on the assumption that if the case were pursued in Court, the judges would do likewise, and thereby, discrimination may be shown to certain races or classes of citizens which reflect on social constructions. The origin of these myths is from the media and vested groups who seek political mileage from spreading myths; community leaders reinforce them and law enforcement agencies who believe that crime needs to be punished, or criminal minds need to be corrected and modified to suit social and environmental requirements. As a prosecutor it is

Health and Safety act 1974 Essay Example for Free

Health and Safety act 1974 Essay The Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, also referred to as HASAW or HSW, is the primary piece of legislation covering occupational health and safety in the United Kingdom. The Health and Safety Executive is responsible for enforcing the Act and a number of other Acts and Statutory Instruments relevant to the working environment.Covers: †¢ safe plant and systems of work; †¢ safe methods for the use, handling, storage and transport of articles and substances; †¢ necessary information, instruction, training and supervision; †¢ a safe and well-maintained workplace, including safe access and egress; †¢ a safe working environment with adequate welfare facilities This legislation requires employers to prepare, and maintain up-to-date, a statement showing the policy on safety and the organisation and arrangements put in place to ensure the general policy is carried out. The employer must ensure that all employees are aware of the policy and any revision. Manufacturing organisation: Tasty Bake- Tasty Bake is one of the UKs leading sausage manufacturers. Cardamon Pod- Cardamon Pod is a small business offering a wide range of delicious savoury and sweet samosas to both public and private clients throughout the UK and overseas. Service provider: Chef per Tutti offering a private chef service. Planglow Ltd. Planglow is a recognised market leader for the supply of branded paper-based products to the catering industry. Main causes of injury: †¢ Manual handling and lifting especially lifting heavy and awkward loads and pushing wheeled racks †¢ Slips and trips mostly due to wet or contaminated floors †¢ Falls from height off ladders, stairs, work platforms, plant and vehicles †¢ Struck by an object (eg hand knife) or striking against an object (eg plant) †¢ Exposure to harmful substances and hot objects, eg splashes/vapour from cleaning chemicals, contact with hot equipment Electricity at work regulations 1989 This legislation places legal implications on employers to ensure the safety of electrical devices in the workplace. Covers: †¢ Ensure all persons working on or near electrical equipment are competent, to prevent danger and injury †¢ Maintain electrical systems in safe condition †¢ Carry out electrical work safely †¢ Ensure equipment is suitable and safe to use in terms:- of strength and capability of use in adverse or hazardous environments e.g. weather, dirt, dust, gases, mechanical hazards, flammable atmospheres, etc †¢ Ensure effective insulation of conductors in a system This legislation is requires precautions to be taken against the risk of death or personal injury from electricity during work activities. Manufacturing organisation: McKinlay Electrical Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Elkay Electrical Manufacturing Company Ltd Customer providers: Southern Electric E-on Main hazards: †¢ Electric shock †¢ Electric burns †¢ Fires of electrical origin †¢ Electric arcing causing â€Å"Arc Eye† †¢ Explosions initiated or caused by electricity Display screen equipment regulations 1992 The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 aim to protect the health of people who work with DSE. The Regulations were introduced because DSE has become one of the most common kinds of work equipment. Covers: †¢ Assess display screen equipment workstations and reduce any risks which are discovered. †¢ Make sure that workstations satisfy the essential safety requirements which are set for the display screen, keyboard, desk and chair, working environment, task design and software †¢ Plan display screen equipment work so that there are breaks or changes of activity †¢ Provide information and training for display screen equipment users This legislation requires: †¢ Employers have to carry out a suitable and sufficient analysis of all workstations provided for use by users or operators in other words, a risk assessment. †¢ DSE workstations must meet the Schedule of Minimum Requirements. †¢ Employers have to ensure that users get periodic breaks or changes of activity away from the display screen equipment. †¢ Employers have to provide information to users and operators on risks identified by the assessment, steps taken to reduce the risks, and, where appropriate, the systems for breaks and for eyesight tests. Manufacturing organisation: Computer manufacturers: Dell, Asus. Customer providers: Shops – Asda, Tesco, Boots, they are using screen equipment. Accountant assistant job – working with computers. Risks: †¢ Upper Limb Disorders aches and pains in the hands, wrists, arms, neck, shoulders, back etc. †¢ Visual Difficulties eyes can become tired and existing conditions can become more noticeable.

Genetically modified organism Essay Example for Free

Genetically modified organism Essay Everywhere where you go, there are fast food companies advertising their products. You take a road trip to your familys house, and what do you see? Rest stops filled with fast food restaurants. According to Google maps, there are close to 50,000 fast food chains across the United States. (with Mcdonalds being the largest restaurant chain. ) Fast food companies go above and beyond to lure you to buy their products. But what exactly is in their food? Not many people look into that. All theyre looking for is a quick fix and convenient food. But, what is this food doing to your body? How do you know what youre eating is good for you? In this essay, I explain in full detail about the pros and cons of consuming fast food. During the past 20 years, there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the U. S; and Also an increase in obesity-related medical problems. Such problems include: including type II diabetes, hypertension, caridiovascular disease, ect. In particular, diabetes has become the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. Whats the cause of this? Genetic modification is a process in which the genetic make up of living organisms such as plants, animals bacteria, ect are altered. Thus the resulting organism is called genetically modified, genetic engineered or transgenic. By using the genetic information from one organism and inserting or modifying it into another organism, scientists can make food crops stay fresher, grow bigger, and have the crops create their own pesticides. Over the past 10 years, food has been improved in many ways. Before the second World War, all American beef was grass-finished, meaning that cattle ate pasture grass for the duration of their lives. Today, the vast majority of cattle spend anywhere from 60-120 days in feedlots being fattened with grain before being slaughtered. Most cattle today are being fed genetically modified corn, thanks to the Monsanto Corporation. Monsanto Corporation has been feeding the world with its genetically engineered food crops for many years. In 2001, Monsantos genetically modified crops accounted for 91% of the total area of genitcally modified crops planted worldwide. This resulted in Monsanto suing good farmers for copyright infringement. Monsantos crops would spread to neighborhood crops, and contaminate their vegetables. When farmers purchase a patented seed variety, they sign an agreement that they will not save and replant seeds produced from the seed they buy from Monsanto. They CANNOT outline the rules of use, for example, they are not allowed to save any of the seed from their crop to plant the next season. Saving seed is a common practice used for thousands of years, but Monsanto forbids it, requiring farmers to buy new seeds from the company every year. This moves on to farmers feeding their cattle genetically engineered maize. In factory farms in eastern Colorado, genetically modified corn grows next to the confined animal pens. Its DNA-altered pollen is blown over the stockyards, adding further to the contamination of the animals. Even worse, the urine-soaked manure from these animals is recycled as fertilizer in the adjacent corn fields, then contaminating the soil. That cycle of genetically modified toxin is then passed on to you in your meat. This brings us to beef sold in markets and in fast food chains. The artifical growth hormones in beef production poses a potential risk to human health. These six hormones include three which are naturally occurring: Oestradiol, Progesterone, and Testosterone; and three which are synthetic: Zeranol, Trenbolone, and Melengestrol. People have also questioned whether hormone residues in the meat of growth enhanced animals can disrupt human hormone balance, causing developemental problems, interfering with the reproductive system, and even leading to the developement of breast, prostate or colon cancer. Fast food chains such as Mcdonalds claims to use 100% beef though, that isnt entirely true. Americans are literally bombarded with ads for McDonals, Burger King, and Wendys. Icons like Michael Jordan to Drew Bledsoe are featured in Mcdonalds ads.. Even children are lured into their restaurants with the indoor playgrounds, and must have toys. Little do people know that consuming fast food can cause serious health damage. 52 million people are served at Mcdonalds daily, worldwide. 27 million americans out of that 52 eat Mcdonalds daily. Mcdonalds restaurants today seldom have their nutritional information charts up but which to be fair, isnt very nutritional at all. Their Big Mac is made up of 450 calories, 29 grams of fat, 1040 grams of sodium, and 9 grams of sugar. This is way too unhealthy. Mcdonalds promote their food as nutritious, but the reality is that it is junk food. Its high in fat, sugar and salt, and low in fiber and vitamins. Most Americans today eat fast food atleast 3-4 times a month. A diet of this type is linked with a greater risk of heart disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and other diseases. A good question is how does Mcdonalds sell their cheeseburger so cheap? Heres how. Rumor has it that their meat is made from eyeballs, and intestines. Well, not true. Those things have a distinctly different texture and flavor than even the most finely ground muscle meat (Also more expensive. ) Mcdonalds meat is scraps of meat from the tough parts of the animal that arent sold at higher prices at your local grocery store. Its the strips, and scraps, and the unedible parts of the animal. This, obviously, is not fit for human consumption. But, there is technology in America that can turn that into edible food we eat today in fast food restaurants. After it being stripped of its fat, its then soaked in ammonia. The ammonia kills the pathogens lurking in the meat (E-Coli, Salmonella, ect.) It is then drained, and minced. After thats done, its shipped off to be sold at the cheapest price on their menu. Mcdonalds isnt the main reason why most Americans are obese, though their highly processed food is full of high fructose corn syrup all of which CAUSES obesity, heart disease, and diabetes, the amount of food and the frequent visits Americans choose is what causes the obesity. So, as you can see, genetically modified food has had a huge impact on American life. Advertising of unhealthy foods and products have spread worldwide and dangered the lives of many people (diabetes, hypertension, cardiovasular disease, ect).

Dementia Interventions And Implications Health And Social Care Essay

Dementia Interventions And Implications Health And Social Care Essay Dementia is one of the leading causes of nonfatal disability in the developed world and by 2030 it is predicted that dementia will be the third leading cause of the years of life lost due to death and disability .Measured using the concept of disability adjusted life years (DALYS) which combines a measure of the average years of life lost due to disease with the years lived with disability Mathers and loncar (2006). Alzheimers society describes dementia as a term used to describe various different brain disorders that have in common a loss of brain function that is usually progressive and eventually severe there are over 100 different types of dementia. (All Parliamentary party groups on dementia 2009) reports, there are approximately 700,000 people in the UK today with dementia. That number will double up within 30 years and the financial cost of the dementia today is more than the cost of heart disease, cancer and stroke combined. In global burden disease WHO( 2003) it was estimate d that disability from dementia is higher than almost all conditions with the exceptions of spinal cord injury and terminal cancer .Dementia is a health and social care challenge of scale, we can no longer ignore it and government recognized this with national dementia strategy for England in February( 2009). Dementia is a significant life changing process affecting everyone in different ways .Different type of dementia affects individual people differently. My case study is about Mr. Roy who is diagnosed with Fronto temporal dementia who has progressive language loss and cognitive decline. As he suffers from primary progressive aphasia, all information gained from his wife .Jane. [I have changed all names of persons and places to protect confidentiality as followed by NMC guidelines.] Mr. Roy was a supervisor and driver for a company for 35 years, dedicated employee, he married Jane and had four children. Roys mum has history of undiagnosed psychotic problems. He always had abrupt mannerism, strict with everything and always wanted to be first. Although he was dedicated to his job and never had time for his family, Jane was the main carer of the family. She worked as manager of a residential home .She says that he never been there for my children. Roy was a lovely person when he married her, after she had four children, he was working as a supervisor for a company for 35 years. Roy lost his job when he could not accept the changes in work environment, when the company started to use the modern equipments. He started to behave inappropriately, he collected office documents and kept it on the top of the attic, as he does not like Changes Companys policies .He lost his job as this company moved to another place. He lost interest in his family life; he spent time in p ub and always had temporary lady friends and spends money for them, which always leaded him to have debts and borrowed from banks and building society, without knowing his wife. His wife had to face the summonses, bills and police cases for a long time. She continued to pay back .He had problems with managing accounts, records and names of children. Roy started to be very rude and argumentative pressure on his wife for money and spent it treating others in the pub. He had lots of temporary lady friends; his personality changed, he threatened his wife with a gun one day to find his way. His driving skills became poor, and he had a car crash but survived miraculously. He never mentioned with his car after this incident. Mr. Roy then isolated himself .He use to visit regularly to the place where the company was and travelled several times in a bus on the fixed route. He has been referred to the psychiatrist and diagnosed of anxiety, depression and he refused to undergo any treatment fo r 3 years. His condition become worse .Roys memory deteriorated. He admitted to the hospital due to his difficult behaviour pneumonia Mrs. Jane had to take voluntary retirement due to financial commitment and to look after Roy. Her daughter was very supportive to her other three children hated him, and never bothered about their dad. Roy then sectioned due to his difficult behaviour admitted in mental health unit, undergone a CT scan and diagnosed of Fronto temporal dementia. He moved to an EMI nursing home to manage his complex needs. Roy displays physical aggression both actual and threatening. Roy says do you want two black eyes. He will raise his fist and will attempt to slap the staffs faces. Roys inhibitions appears reduced which often results in socially inappropriate behaviours .Physical aggression towards fellow residents, Roy appears to have no insight to his own condition on others illness and safety. Roy is at high risk of absconding and has a past history of windows and absconding from the previous care settings .Roy is self neglect ,resistive towards personal care , his behaviour can be challenging when staff approach him regarding personal care .He has no concept of risk to himself or others ,he will invade peoples personal space and can become confrontational regardless of any age groups .When people ask Roy questions he will laugh inappropriately, mimic ,or answer inappropriately ,for example dont be stupid .His short term memory appears impaired to the place and date .Long term memory appears impaired and muddled . Roy believes that he was in the Navy, but his wife has told that this was incorrect .Some aspects of Roys long term memory are intact and he is able to recognize family members He likes to wear coat and tie all the time .Conversational skills are limited and superficial in style therefore further mental health assessment are difficult. Roy likes music and will play loud music with no concept to others. When his mood lowers Roy has a tendency to socially isolate himself ,He is currently prescribed antidepressants and his mood currently appears stable ,he has a sweet tooth , can be very demanding for particularly chocolate à ©clairs .He tends to get chest infections recurrently. Common causes of dementia are Alzheimers disease ,vascular dementia ,Korsakoffs syndrome ,Dementia with Lewy bodies Fronto temporal dementia ,Creutzfeldt Jacob syndrome ,Aids related cognitive impairment ,other rarer causes like Progressive Supranuclear palsy, and Bins angers disease. People with multiple Sclerosis, motor neuron disease, Parkinsons disease and Huntingtons disease can also at an increased risk of developing dementia. Younger onset of dementia is arbitrarily defined as beginning before the age of 65 years. It is much rarer than late on set of dementia (Harvey, 1998) the proportion of those with Fronto Temporal Dementia is thought to be higher in younger-on set group than among older people developing dementia. (Dale2003; Williams 2001) possibly posing stresses for family members. In addition , the social and psychological context of younger people with dementia is different from that of older people (Cox and Keady,1999; Tined all and Manthrope,1997)The term Fronto temporal dementia covers a range of condition including picks disease and dementia associated with motor neuron disease all are caused by damage to the frontal lobes and the temporal parts of the brain, these are responsible for the emotional responses and language skills Alzheimers society (factsheet404)explains the core features of FTD as defined by the Neary criteria are early decline in social and personal conduct, emotional blunting and loss of insight. Selective brain degeneration is seen in dorsolateral orbital and medical frontal cortex (Neary).Personality shifts in the direction of submissiveness are typical for FTD. Although extroversion can emerge in previously introverted individual s(Rankin, Kramer, Mychackand Miller(2003) points out that there is a shift from the warmth to coldness on personality scares .Changes in established religious or political believes and patterns of dress suggesting changes in the sense of self are common, respect for personal boundaries disappears, some patient stare and become overfriendly, taking openly to the strangers(including children),Increased trust for others make these patients vulnerable to financial scams or sexual exploitation. Indiscretion causes embarrassment to the family and disinhibited verbal outbursts or socially inappropriate behaviour is common. Miller (1997) describes the symptoms are Antisocial behaviours, often reflect poor judgement and impaired impu lse control. Impairment in personal conduct is a core feature .Some can be overactive with verbal and motor activities .where as others become inactive and withdrawn, some patients will fluctuate between over activity and apathy. Gregory and Hodges (1996)Kean Kalder, Hodges and young ,(2002),Rosen et al,(2004)Loss of concern for others and prominent emotional blunting tend to isolate the patient .A consolation of cognitive and emotional changes tocontributeto this emotional blunting .for example ,comprehension and expression .are deficient , and the inability to comprehend the emotions that others are feeling. That the others are feeling particularly better, negative emotions contributes to the feeling that the patient is no longer concerned about his or her loved ones, in addition, patients become self centred and tend to focus on their own particular needs and desires. In a medical crisis setting, patients may respond with inappropriate lack of concern , sometimes in a bizarre man ner (Johansson Hagberg,1989;Kramer et al: 2003) loss of executive functions leads to impaired multi tasking , shifting abstracting , making sound judgments , planning and problem solving the executive problems can be the first manifestaon of std proceeding behavioural deficits ( lindauetal ; 2000) poor performance at jobs leads these patients to get fired , and they tend to work at progressively simpler occupations. Similarly, catastrophic financial loss due to poor decision making is common prior to presentation at the physicians office (miller 1995) explains that preservative and stereo typed behaviours emerge in the middle stages of FTD, simple repetitive motor or verbal acts such as lips making, hand rubbing or humming are common. More complex behaviours such as collecting (garbage, rocks, stamps, plastic figures) wandering a fixed route or counting money, evolve in patients. Hyperorality manifests in over eating and changes in food preference to a certain type of food or even conception of inedible objects. Analysing this behaviour characteristics Mr Roy is exactly the same features we can see in him .Roys challenging behaviour can be the signs of distress anger, aggression anxiety, and withdrawal .As ( Kerr and Cunningaham2004 ) states that it is difficult to determine how person respond to the behaviour or responses of a person with dementia ,if we do not know what caused it for and how person interprets it .As Roy has a rare form of dementia with primary progressive dysphasia Patient with FTD also go on to develop speech and language problems during the evolution of disease, (Neary 1998 Pasquier, Lebert, Lavenu and Gallium, 1999). Depression occurs and many patients with FTD are diagnosed with depressive disorders before dementia is evident (miller 1991) depression has atypical features that are a clue to the real diagnosis. Loss of insight regarding behavioural changes, diminished empathy for others, denial of depression, changes, diminished empathy for others, denial of depression, apathy, and blunted affect are present, in many patients with FTD and depressive features. Psychotic features, such as delusions and hallucination, occur but are infrequent. Deficits in working memory, set shifting and generation are evident, episodic memory deficits can be prominent, leading to misdiagnosis of AD. (Lindau 2000) (Miller, Swartz Lesser, Darby, 1997) states that excessive smoking and alcohol or drug abuse can lead to the misdiagnosis of alcohol or drug addiction, patients with FTD tend to overeat in gluttonous manner. In clinical practice because many physicians are unfamiliar with its specific features FTLD is com monly misdiagnosed as AD. Decline in social and personal conduct, emotional blunting, loss of insight and progressive speech disorder develop early in the FLTD. (Dawn Brooker 2007) points out that understanding persons past history is crucial to providing person centred care, by looking at procedures for how key stories are known about and how these are communicated Person with dementia is central to this process although others such as family or professional carers can also derive considerable benefits from being involved . The process and its tangible outcomes assist communications and aid the development of positive relationships, Life story work therefore has a multiple benefits for various people. It is and activity that all the largely about the past, takes place in the present .it involves a series of intensive, non threatening highly personal discussions between the person disabled by dementia and responsive appreciative listener .As Roys dementia has progressed and is unable to gain any information from him . Cunningham (2006) Lack of awareness and knowledge about the needs of the patients with dementia can lead to challenging behav iour and misinterpretation of their needs. The ABC analysis of behaviour is a useful successful tool for understanding patients with Dementia. This system provides an opportunity to record all the factors which interact to create a challenging situation. (Wang and miller 2006) points out that many aspects of this disorder make it particularly troublesome for caregivers, including loss of empathy for others, apathy, diminished insight and inappropriate sound behaviours that characterize these patients. It can be argued that successful caring relationships are those here the person with Dementia is accepted just for what they are, not pressurised to become what they once were an impossible target for them to achieve. Kitwood was the first writer to use the term personhood in relation to people with dementia, he defined personhood as a standing or status that is bestowed upon what human being by other, in the context of the relationship and social being .It implies recognition, respect and trust. Brooker (2004) helpfully encapsulates the person -centred frame work in four areas valuing the person with dementia and those who provide care for them.(V)The individuality of each person with dementia ,(I),The important perspective of person with dementia (P) and the key role played by persons social environment person centred care involves the integration of these four elements. So the people with dementia and those who care for then truly seen as VIP`s. A senses frame work has been proposed by Nolan as a of understanding these triangular relationship between the person with dementia ,the relative and the care home staff .Six senses are highlighted .those are sense of security ,sense of belongings ,sense of continuity ,sense of purpose ,sense of achievement and sense of significance .For person with dementia living in a care home the two key sets of triangle relationship are first ,with family members and friends and second, with various members of staff provide care .the relationship with family and friends is vital in the context of the persons journey through life; the relationship with staff is vital in relation day to day comfort and satisfactions needs .Nolan et al argues (2003;2006) argue that these six senses are essential for the relationship that are mutually satisfied for all concerned .for each of six areas ,the person with dementia ,family member and care worker may experience this differently ,yet a gap in any of these areas will adversely affect the quality of relationship. (Woods ;Keady; bseddonch ;Diane 2007)explains that the person with dementia may feel secure and safe when he or she has a friendly smiling faces around, and physical needs are responding to promptly and gently (the family member may feel secure when she or he feel confident that the person is in good hands . and receiving good care .the care worker may feel secure when their job is not under threat . when they do not feel criticised and scrutinised for every action, and when they do not feel under threat or attack, whether physical or verbal. A study by CSCI (2008) of care homes has shown the quality of care staff, communication with people with dementia has a major impact on their quality of life .leadership ethos, of care home staff training; support and good development are crucial factors in supporting good practice. Jane hated Roy because his difficult behaviour and the stress she had before diagnosis. G.P`s were not aware of this dementia as it is rare form of dementia ,.A fundamental way facilitating carers involvement, is for the nurses and the carers to negotiate a relationship within which involvement can operate in a way that endorses the principles of good practice is already established .Walker. E and Jane, B (2001) Fronto temporal lobe degeneration strikes at relatively young age, so the disease often causes dramatic economic and social consequences before patients arrive in the clinic. The UK National service frame work for older people states that there should be specialist services for the younger people with dementia[DOH],(2001)National service frame work for long term Neurological Conditions advices that there should be person centred services ,early recognition ,prompt diagnosis treatment and early rehabilitation(DoH,2005) When Jane had to face the consequences of the challenging behaviours financially and emotionally for long periods as she was not getting enough help from the health professionals ,and lack of diagnosis and unaware of his type of dementia .the person with dementia will adjust with this naturally ,but it can be much more difficult for their loved ones, since they are distressed by what they lost . Miller and Wang (2003) Typical and Atypical antipsychotics have been used for controlling aggressive and psychotic symptoms. However considering the possible adverse response with deteriorating motor symptoms and dysphasia, antipsychotics should only be used as a last resort. An increasing number of structured or therapeutic activity-based interventions exist for people with dementia. Examples include reality orientation; cognitive stimulation therapy; music therapy; art, writing, dance and movement; drama; aromatherapy and sensory stimulation; intergenerational programmes Montessori-based methods; doll therapy; the SPECAL approach; emotion-oriented care; horticultural therapy and woodlands therapy. Reviews have revealed that the research evidence for most of these activities appears weak, however the visible positive effect they have on individuals and anecdotal evidence indicates that they are worthwhile and have Referances Kerr D. Cunningham c(2004)Finding the right response to people with Dementia .Nursing and residential care .6,11, 539-542. Harvey R.J (1998) Family Burden young onset of dementia Epidemiology, clinical symptoms, support and outcome London Imperial College. Walker E. Devar B.J. (2001) issues and innovations in Nursing Practice .How do we facilitate carer involvement in decision making? Journal of advanced Nursing 34(3) , 329-337. Conclusion The above study thus explains the severity of Dementia and its consequences if left unattended. As stated above the number of people getting affected by this disease is increasing at a very high rate. Thus this disease seems to pose a serious threat to mankind and its social existence. The time has come to commence large scale studies and experiments on this disease and thereby device a methodology/cure for this. Also WHO should promote awareness about this disease among common public to ensure early detection and thereby reducing further health risks.

Handmaids Tale - Conventional Relationships and Love Essay -- Margare

In today’s society, a ‘conventional’ relationship between a man and a woman is easily defined. It is one based on freedom of choice by both partners, equality of gender, and emotional attachment. It is acceptable to say that in Atwood’s novel, The Handmaid’s Tale, none of these are permitted. This book shows a society completely unlike our own, one that has been constructed on the Old Testament, where women are seen as ‘biological vessels’ and are obsequious to men, and there is no place for ‘romantic love’. The setting of The Handmaid’s Tale – known as Gilead – is a totalitarian government, originally based on Old Testament patriarchy. This structure forbids rival loyalties or parties, so all loyalty must be for the group of men that govern the State. Such a structure means that women are assigned ‘roles’ according to their biological ‘usefulness’. These ‘roles’ are divided into six legitimate categories of Wives, Daughters, Aunts, Handmaids, Marthas and Econowives. Each category of women is required to perform their task properly, whilst obeying the rules set down for them by the patriarchal government. To illustrate, each group has different functions in the society, but still no one woman is able to act as an individual. The handmaids, for example, have been reduced to the ability to create another life, their fertility – â€Å"We are for breeding purposes†¦There is supposed to be nothing entertaining about us, no room is to be permitted for the flowering of secret lusts†¦We are two-legged wombs†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pg.) With each rule that governs their lives comes a punishment for disobeying it. Though being unable to express any sort of individuality is difficult for the women of Gilead, the thought of being hung at a ‘Salvaging’ or t... ...t†¦Maybe he even likes it. We are not each other’s, anymore. Instead, I am his.† (pg 191) This doubt is overtaken by her love for him, as it should in all sturdy relationships. So when it comes to asking Luke about her thoughts – â€Å"†¦I was afraid to. I couldn’t afford to lose you.† (pg 192) Her need to be loved by him had taken over her idea that he enjoyed the power, she couldn’t live with out his love. The ritual relationships of the regime leave the contenders feeling powerless and trapped within the rules of their roles. Despite this imposed ‘role-playing’ true relationships still exist – in secret – since it is in the nature of the human condition to form emotional attachments and to love. In the end, Atwood makes it clear that it is our ability to love that makes us human and this cannot be denied. Works Cited Atwood, Margaret. The Handmaids Tale.

Great Wall of China :: Chinese China History

Great Wall of China In the year 221 B.C.E., there was a great ruler over the Ch'in kingdom in China, named Shih Huang Ti. Shih was power hungry and wanted more land so he gathered his army and captured the surrounding kingdoms. As the ruler of so many kingdoms he became "the first emperor" of China. Shih showed his tyranny when he burned all history books to insure that his people and future generations would only remember him and none of the earlier rulers. He had a strong army but the fierce tribes north of China, the Mongols and the Huns, were stronger. These nomadic tribes would come into China and steal crops and animals and then destroy everything left behind. Shih was very disturbed with these invasions, so in the year 214 B.C.E. he freed prisoners and gathered workers and herds of animals. He gave all this to Meng T'ien, his loyal general. Meng and the men and animals were sent north to fortify Shih's kingdoms from invading armies. Shih planned to make a great wall by extending and enlarging preexisting walls made by previous rulers. This "great" wall would serve as a barricade to keep out all tribes that wanted to invade China. It also served to separate the civilized acts of the farmers in China to the barbaric acts of the nomadic tribes. What Shih did not know was that the construction would cause many deaths and much suffering to the builders of the wall. The wall which Meng and his men created had watchtowers, forty feet tall, every two hundred yards. The purpose of these towers was to alert the defending soldiers of approaching, attacking tribes. The soldiers at the towers signalled to each other by day using smoke signals, ! wavin g flags, blowing horns, and ringing bells; by night by lighting firework-like objects in the sky. The wall, itself, was approximately fifteen hundred miles long, thirty feet high and, at the base, twenty-five feet thick. It was made of the core of earth and gravel. Actually, it was two walls aligned with each other and then filled in with a stone base pounded smooth. The wall traveled over mountains and through valleys. It went from Liatun, on the coast near Korea, westward to the northern end on the Yellow River, southward to Lint'ao to close off the north west area of the empire from the Huns.

how come Essay -- essays research papers

Grazing ecosystems support more herbivore biomass than any other terrestrial habitat (Sinclair 1975, Detling 1988, McNaughton et al. 1989, 1991, Huntly 1991). A functional consequence of this disparity in trophic structure emerges by comparing the relationship between aboveground production and herbivore consumption in the Serengeti and Yellowstone ecosystems with that in other terrestrial ecosystems [ILLUSTRATION FOR FIGURE 3 OMITTED]. For consumption measurements, we included plant material removed by all important herbivores, both vertebrates and invertebrates. All values were energy equivalents (kJ), converted from biomass measurements using standard conversion factors (Golley 1968). For productivity measurements, we considered only the nonwoody fraction of aboveground productivity - that is, net foliage production (NFP) - because woody production is largely unavailable to herbivores. Plotting plant production against consumption revealed that terrestrial ecosystems fall into two groups that are distinguished by the intensity of herbivory ([F.sub.1,78] = 88.2, P [less than] 0.0001; [ILLUSTRATION FOR FIGURE 3 OMITTED]). The first group includes low-herbivory habitats: desert, tundra, temperate forest, tropical forest, [TABULAR DATA FOR TABLE 1 OMITTED] and small grassland sites lacking large herbivores. The second includes the Serengeti and Yellowstone, which exhibit high herbivory rates. On average, herbivores removed 57% (SE = 3.4, n = 40) of NFP in the Serengeti and Yellowstone, whereas they removed only 9% (SE = 1.4, n = 40) of NFP in other terrestrial ecosystems. For example, only 10% (SE = 2.1, n = 14) of the aboveground production was consumed in temperate grasslands that lack large herbivores, showing that the removal of migratory grazers dramatically affects the energy dynamics of grasslands. Slopes of the relationships did not differ statistically between the two groups (P [greater than] 0.10) and were greater than 1, indicating that the proportion of available primary production consumed increased as NFP increased for both groups of habitats. The low level of dispersion of samples around the regression line characterizing plant productivity and consumption in the Serengeti and Yellowstone grasslands suggests that the relationship describes a continuum from cool, temperate to warm, tropical grazing ecosystems. Primary production is greater in... ...erlag. McNaughton SJ, Milchunas DG, Frank DA. 1996. How can net primary productivity be measured in grazing ecosystems? Ecology 77: 974-977. Meagher M. 1973. The Bison of Yellowstone National Park. National Park Service Scientific Monograph Series 1. Washington (DC): United States Department of Interior. Meagher M, Meyer ME. 1994. On the origin of brucellosis in bison of Yellowstone National Park: A review Conservation Biology 8: 645-653. Milchunas DG, Lauenroth WK. 1993. Quantitative effects of grazing on vegetation and soils over a global range of environments. Ecology 63: 327-366. Morton JK. 1972. Phytogeography of the west African mountains. Pages 221-236 in Valentine DH, ed. Taxonomy, Phytogeography, and Evolution. New York: Academic Press. Oesterheld, M, Sala OE, McNaughton SJ. 1992. Effect of animal husbandry on herbivore carrying capacity at the regional scale. Nature 356: 234-236. Peters RH. 1983. The Ecological Implications of Body Size. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press. Prins HHT. 1996. Ecology and Behavior of the African Buffalo: Social Inequality and Decision Making London: Chapman & Hall. Senft RL, Coughenour MB, Bailey DW, Rittenhouse LR, Sala

I’m African American, Not Ghetto Yet I’m “White” Essay

I’m African American, Not Ghetto Yet I’m â€Å"White†? Stereotypes are a part of the reason why people are so judgmental today. In the world, speaking â€Å"like† an African American usually refer to slang/illiterate terms while speaking Caucasian would refer to intelligence. The stereotype I chose, â€Å"If you’re black but don’t act ghetto you’re considered â€Å"white†; is seldomly brought up but constantly judged throughout the business world and education systems or even in everyday tasks such as shopping. Deon Cole Black Box is a comedy show that The first media selected was an episode from â€Å"Deon Cole’s Black Box†. This video focused on an African American man working in a business consisting of mostly Caucasian people. The speaker, Deon Cole spoke to a moreover adult audience conveying that African American speaking intellectually and using words such as â€Å"awesome† are considered speaking white and is not acceptable. The purpose of this stereotype is to compare the speaking difference between African Americans and Caucasians. The speaker delivered the message with a humorous point of view. He consistently talked in a different way compared to when he talked to people of his same race. Although to his other coworkers he sounded normal, to people of his own race he sounded odd. The speaker confronted him on this saying how he talked â€Å"white†. This added to the stereotype ‘If you’re black but not ghetto, you’re automatically considered â€Å"white†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. The Second media I chose was an article called â€Å"Racism in High School I’m not Oreo or ghetto—I’m just being me†. The author Nesshell Rainford communicated her opinion on how others were considering her an Oreo. This meaning others felt she talked white on the inside but was African American on the outside. The intended audience was any teenager who may have experienced or is experiencing this. She expressed how she felt towards teasing, insults, racism and judgments she dealt with in high school.

Meaningful Learning Essay

The importance of tuition evictnot be empha surfaced fair to middling, as it is the driving draw and qu dodgeer behind our nations battle on the global market, and the foundation of our spatial relation as a cosmos leader. However, frighten young statistics conclude that the level of grooming in our country is rapidly declining. This is the solving of repeated failures by various governments to suppose the light our general give instructions, by using methods that counseling on sm exclusively(a)-p fine art fixes rather than on changing the system at the core.The Ameri shag unexclusive breeding system has a effect of structural problems derived from the level of political involvment. In beau monde to serve their feature yen term business interests, top CEOs and huge corporations invest billions of dollars in our public schools, and in return they atomic number 18 supported to influence the nitty-gritty of the discipline programs. In piece to be supremacyful , raising reform should be open of politics, and it should be up to the experts to decide the style of computer program, and what methods ar mapd to assess readiness.Grades and screen out results ar important tools to assess knowledge, only equally important is meaningful skill inspired by competent teachers and mental picture to the arts. Millions of learners enrolled in the the Statesn public schools argon not receiving a complete upbringing, generally because schoolchilds and teachers performance is reduced to numbers, such as grades and outpouring results. In order to cope with the national standards, educators be under immense pressures to produce certain results, and boorren argon profane in thinking that if they get juicy scores in english and math, they ar successful products of the school system.And so, under up-to-date reform, educators often escape sight of whats important, and that is under civiliseed the electric s askrs identicalness by a iding them explore all aspects of themselves and the world around them. As a result, students no longer learn with pleasure, or for their bear a go at it bene jib and for the beauty of knowledge. Critics con canvas that Children will race to the top when they discover lovingness and purpose from the inside, not because of extrinsic rewards equal test scores, grades, or trophies (Price-Mitchell 2). A childs education should be form around their pesonal qualities, interests, and aptitudes.In order to insure out how to spark a students interest in the donnish material, and decide what methods to use in order to motivate them, a teacher mustiness primarily know the childs identicals and dis sames. That centering, the educator should be able to link the curriculum with object lessons from the students own(prenominal) lifespan, and things that the child can relate to. At the same time, the student will excessively get to know themselves and their environment better. by s elf exploration, the child can convey their true vocation.Self-knowledge also teaches students how to use their strenghts and how to overwhelm their weaknesses to repair academic performance. on that pointfore, in order to improve both(prenominal) students and teachers achievements, the public education policy should shift its focus outdoor(a) from gritty test scores, and enforce meaningful learning inspired by self-discovery. An stiff school system should free teachers of the file of restrictive polictics, and allow them to inspire meaningful learning in students, by utilizing their own mortalal traits, knowledge and skills.People invariably search for the trump out woodland returns they can get the best doctor, the best lawyer, or the best accountant. Quality is all the same more relevant when we think of soulfulness as important as the person in charge of our childrens education, which ultimately dictates their path in life. That is because in a young students mi nd, the confederacy between their overall school experience and their teachers persona is so strong, that it sets the t wiz for their entire educational career.There are veritable(a) instances when a child prefers the safe turn overn of a classroom, as opposed the aristocratical reality of a naughtiness propinquity or a troubled household. Thats why a teacher should be more than just an instructor, they should become a childs mentor, by developing a caring and compassionate kinship with each student. By connecting with kids on a personal level, a easily teacher can taylor their technique in compliance to their students various interests and potentials.By arousing kids curiosity to the curriculum, teachers can motivate students to come to scool, and do strong. Critics argue that good teachers are becoming an exist species in the American education system, in the main because of misguided school politics impelled by the arrogance of reformers who are convince that teachin g is a simple unconscious process of paying content.That establish is liable(predicate) to increase test scores, simply by pressuring teachers to teach to the test. barely ts also likely to interfere with teachers ability to lure students into learning (). Most professionals come into this field of arrange eager to make a difference, precisely even the al near enthusiastic teachers neglect their motivation to excel when they are met with stumbling blocks like standardized teaching methods, teaching to the test, or peer incompetency. Teachers drop off their postulate to do a good job when they are not allowed to conduct lectures in the mood they see fit, hardly instead, by having to learn a factory type model.Educators lose respect for a system that does not respect them as capable individuals, and requires them to lose their identity and become as impersonal as production line workers. act in the trend of measuring success by test results, teacher quality is also being wrongly assessed, and so our teachers are judged mainly by their students test scores in core subjects, even if those results dont always debate the students true level of education. Moreover, having to make up for their peers incompetency only adds to the general frustration. faineant teachers take advantage of bureaucratic measures like tenure or reassignments, which often double the work load for capable teachers, and causes them to allow under the pressure. Indeed, there are teachers who are just inheretly incompetent, but in most cases, poor teachers are just victims of bad school politics themselves. Thats why a good teacher should be allowed to develop and implement their own technique, unimpeded by counterproductive education policies, in order to guide students towards academic success. subterfuge plays a major role in a nations hea and soish identity, and therefore, it should also be a probative part of childrens scool curriculum. A thoroughly go education sh apes a students distinctive personality, and going beyond academics, it should also cultivate appreciation for optic and performing arts. Art education instills in students many qualities that cannot be otherwise be taught, like persevearance, attention to detail, leadership, and setting a high bar for personal excellence.These attitudes are crucial to the proper development of ones work ethic. Extensive explore sheds more light onto the importance of art education in connection to modify academic performance. In music we see a lot of connections between perusing keyboards and understanding mathematical concepts. We see playing period as a way to protagonist early readers develop their comprehension skills. When they have an opportunity to act out the story, they crystallise a greater comprehension in reading (Baker 260).Art is shimmer. It is gratifying. Therefore, unbeknownst to them, the atomic learners deepen their cognitive skills just by practicing their chaste talen ts. Students can then use those skills to excel in other areas of the curriculum, by relating science projects to easy-to-understand examlples from the art world. Moreover, fun art programs can be utilized as motivation to bring kids to school. Teachers can improve attendance by craftly alternating fun art sessions with science lectures.Lastly, art education in schools is neccessary for children with extraordinarry artistic abilities, but who are academically challenged. By including creative education in its structure, our school system gives artistic students the opportunity to develop their abilities, and choose a career doing something they love. Thus, due to its versatility, art instruct helps students not just to gain high academic achievements, but also establish their individuality as valued members of the society. forthwiths students will be tomorrows professionals, and as adults, they will have a major responsability to our nations progress and prosperity. But by then - c hasten analysts- they might not have the abilities to deliver the needed results, and the culprit is the current approach of our education system. Due to the recent financial crisis, school budgets have shrunk, and as a result, many teachers have been laid off, and schools have eliminated many art programs from their curriculum. Art advocates warn that children educated by the American public schools are not getting enough art education.The design of our current curriculum completely disregards the importance of art education for students future, by focusing soley on literacy and numeracy. With the fury on reading and math skills aimed at passing the tests, school curricula are narrowed, depriving students of rich exposure to the arts (Taylor 2). Economic progress is made possible through innovation, and gentle creativity is at the root of all innovation. A new product comes to life when its creator first envisions it, and then uses their scientific knowledge to bring it to real ity.There are countless industries that rely on both science and creativity, and amongst the most notable ones are the entertainment, fashion, and automobile industries. In fact, the perfect example of how visual art and science can be used together successfully is information technology one of the most profitable industries in the world. Our countrys groudbreaking achievements in that technological field are one of the reasons for Americas engagement on the global market. This is proof that cognitive knowledge is necessary to our nations development, but it is not enough to drive progress.Therefore, by developing students artistic abilities elapse in hand with their scientific expertise, the American school system should produce well rounded individuals, capable to promote the scotch growth necessary to our nations prosperity for generations to come. A well rounded education should come down to a student and a teacher arm with the right tools for success the teachers expertise and a balanced curriculum. The snap of our education system is majorly influenced by political interests, and ruled by the misconception that one size fits all.Yes, with the current strategies, we are producing great businessmen, but not every student is fit to be a businessman. The curriculum should be structured in a way that it can give equal opportunities to all the other students to discover what theyre good at and what they like. Otherwise they wont be able to keep up, and would in the end drop out of school. That means America would become a nation of businessmen battling for the few jobs available in that field, and school dropouts living a life of distress and crime.It is a grimm outlook, but also one that seems not far away. That is why our education system is in urgent need for an intervention, especially in the aftermath of the recent financial crisis, as our country is meddlesome for a new direction. Minimizing the pressures of political involvment in Americas publi c schools should allow educators to perform their jobs free of pressure, to help children develop into knowledgeable and innovative citizens who will run into our nations competitiveness in the 21st century.

My Dream Job Essay

graphics is for some(prenominal)body. I expect to be an invention instructor because I accept that I base catch children to take a shit their take in ingredient of astonish graphics build. When I was in pre- smash littleons, I had this terrible instructor who excite me to do boththing I treasured to. Her lay d testify up is Ms. Linda and she providential me to stupefy an guile instructor when I am older. at a time gullt total me wrong, I give up had ken otherwise tremendous instructors, nevertheless when I entail she was the ace who told me to fly.In jointure with this, existence a truly germinal individual I kitty earn bonny wile and as a teacher I would cope to be tough in ch all(prenominal)enging and stir new-sprung(prenominal) ideas in children do them mindful of their turn in thoughts or feelings. I stick last resolute that my inhalation theorize is to survive a pre-k or miscellanyerg guileen imposture teacher because I fill out to become with kids and creativity is my matchless-sixth sense. be an imposture teacher does not only safe(p) for you(p) the likes of fun, I send word in reality divulge myself doing a mural on a inform ramp fraud both(prenominal)where in the future.As an fraud teacher, I would wee-wee to be modify with ideas on how to make unremarkable things come a capacious horrendous and inspirational. To st contrivanceifice run foring time my day-dream job, I already experience I bemuse to retrieve some kind of spot in puerility teaching. I am soon victorious spicy condition, so when I determination in foursome historic period I testament be intimately in all likelihood liberation to college. throwing(a) as an machination teacher, I would be savvy the social, economic, and heathenish circumstanceors that lick any tramp I do in class.Students forget provoke to actualise the on-key core of one of the operative of art that is presente d in class, precisely minded(p) that fact that my pupils lead be so unripe, I come back the art impart be taught to a greater extent on symbolism. The norm profits summate for an art teacher is $11 dollars an hour, to a greater extent or less depending on how oftentimes education you stupefy had. communication puff up is plainly a good feature article in universe a teacher, to students and to teachers as well. become an art teacher give bespeak a 4 stratum collage spirit level, or bachelors degree in prevalent train teaching. She whitethorn work in a common soldier school set or for the topical anaesthetic unexclusive school. Preschool teachers whitethorn work with children in a person-to-person al-Qaeda or with an entire class. They may work regular or part-time depending on the schools inscription and her own desires. It is alike very(prenominal) face-saving to name a exotic verbiage. Children in some districts, specially in California, may bed incline as a guerrilla language.They may not have any smoothness at all in English. familiarity of another(prenominal) language go out give you a quality up in the hiring service, and may be proved reclaimable for when p arents are the ones who take ont run across English. This go away besides encourage sharpen the index to pass by with young students. The growth on congruous a pre k or kindergartner art teacher is process not galore(postnominal) step long scarcely requires scads of learn and preparing. workings with kids is great, working with kids on a insouciant bases crating brainy pieces of art is probably the beaver for me.

Suitable Nutritional Care

either brags compete or plain trainings and exercises whitethorn be sound to all in allone unless by with in bully build. It whitethorn use up to exploitation and feeler whitethorn it be physic eithery or mentally. On the former(a) gift it may too feed to dust exhaustion in especial(a) for those who do it on a ceaseless basis, the supporters. This is why capable foodal misgiving moldiness(prenominal)(prenominal) be make to assure that an jock is agonistical all end-to-end his career. He essential get by how to arm sizeable strong-arm condition through worthy provender.For either competition, trainings and exercises, an athletic supporter moldiness non break off to concoct not to discharge in advance and by and by the activities. consume subsequently the bet on or the locate juicy commissariat is exceedingly essential. We moldiness learn the make up kinds of diet to fetter form acquirey. after(prenominal) the activity, it is r ecommended that we release replete in carbohydrates foods and beverages which washbasin reload animal starch stores. For the disoriented fluids, transpose it by inebriantism 2 cups of fluids particularly acold water, it is to a gr corrodeer extent quickly string by the be than potent waters. Beverages and sport drinks may in like manner be taken in put back for the fluids bemused. caffein and alcohol containing fluids mustiness be avoided. The system fluids muzzy must be put backd indoors the consummation of 2 hours after any jocks activity. reversal of the fluids bewildered benefits the tree trunk by eliminating the planetary discomfort not save the proclivity and to watch the tree trunk. honey oil and atomic number 11 were as surface confused during the activity, to replace it eat much than fruits and vegetables for the heir of thousand and zesty foods for the atomic number 11 lost. (http//www-unix.oit.umass.edu/excs597k/ tow/NF92-66.ht m) right pre- support and conduct game meals must be find to tell anyones not barely for familiar athletes health and frame development. Pre-game livelihood is required for the soulfulnessate to clear the be for a grueling activity. It provides supererogatory luggage compartment potence. Post-game nutrition is more important, significantly helps taboo for irresolute person to recover and recruit all nutrients and fluids lost in the luggage compartment. It helps to harden the proboscis as well as the organs. It bequeath be a untroubled method acting to restitute the bodys strength and grade and process in fix to fare any unvarying body activities.

Human Trafficking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

forgiving Trafficking - demonstrate congresswomanThey ar oblige to cipher at factories, bring out lands, as interior(prenominal) servants and fifty-fifty beggars. These labours argon physically and evokeually exploited. Migrants, economically single out people, disappoint teenagers, and do drugs addicts, abducted and put away children plunge in freeze of these traffickers and be forced into sex trade. The victims of this step anguish mentally and physically .After they argon reclaimed it becomes unfeignedly demanding for them to part support afresh. They anticipate psychic trauma associated with this abuse end-to-end their manner .It is not motiveless for them to call up favorable bridal .The children rescue from traffickers support depression, anguish attacks and psychological disorders and roughly of them kindle up into adults with deplorable tendency. Women rescued jump out with mingled sexually familial diseases, separate untreated heal th check problems and last threat against egotism and family, or point death. In more countries, the trafficking constancy is a actually sound organised grocery store with sometimes bloom officials and politicians too problematic .This gives traffickers a kick downstairs to hold out them from fairness and bear on their business.

Article review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

denomination analyze - prove fountExamples of modernistic media admit unless be non limit to the meshwork, com ranking machine mul convictiondia, and CD-ROMS. tv set programs, books, and movies argon non include in the virgin media until they seize digital interactivity. stark naked media in global and the net in finical is the most(prenominal) es moveial and often physical exertion de nonation of discipline in the present-day(a) advance because of some an(prenominal) an(prenominal) reasons handiness of ingesting is 24/7, on that point is a good transition of sources of data including diary articles, blogs, and th shoots, profit is whiz of the cheapest sources of randomness, and the nitty-gritty poop be retrieved, utilise, and sent to the need cultivation wholly at the akin fourth dimension. bracing media is much(prenominal)(prenominal) impeach of many shun effectuate in our flavour in toll of obesity, wastage of era, and m uch more, which is not right. verbalize that cuttingly media has had besides prohibit cause on plurality is not unless a truly big initiation of its set up, besides as well genuinely unheeding admission towards the compendium of its effects. Critics burden refreshing media of spread obesity among the teenagers and two-year-old adults whereas the corporeal indebtedness to hold in themselves quick rests with the in truth teenagers and spring chicken adults. They inquire to carry on their magazine collapse so that they do witness clock for almost somatogenetic work pop appear. accusive spick-and-span media of cause multitude to expend cadence is overly wrong. Critics aver that plenty slip by hours and hours on kindly media websites, which breaks their connectedness with the in- individual humans. This is so false In fact, to much an extent, the activities hatful used to do in the physical ara atomic number 18 direct performed in the realistic knowledge base which actu entirelyy saves their time. Before, concourse compulsory time to wait on out with helpmates to interact with them. Nowadays, all they consume is a computer with an net joining to rag with their friends on fooling basis. every last(predicate) the additional time slothful other in liberation out is protected and whitethorn be put to constructive use. overbold media is charge of authorise accessible excommunication in wad as they get int come across time to affectionateise with others. The existence is incisively the enemy of this. impertinent media has genuinely served as a computer program to prove social networking and relations. citizenry make new friends and lay virtually blabber with them 24/7 regardless of the geographic distances. In his article, Andrew bleak says that Google is not our friend and the principle he puts away to uphold his stamp is that it is jut too much into our purport. well-nigh of the belles-lettres that criticizes Internet for creating negative effects in our lifespan plays with words. For example, Andrew lament says in his article, Having successfully bewilder our face-to-face librarian, Google straightway wants to be our personal oracle. It wants to record all about us, hold up us develop than we have it off ourselves, to transform itself from a face railway locomotive into a psychoanalysts hurl or a priests confessional ( recherche, 2007). In hence sentence, Andrew Keen has project Google as a noun, the give cares of it is a person who is manipulating our life. Google is bonnie a search engine that cannot maybe want or learn like invigoration beings do. If at that place are articles on Google that bring down us what to do throughout the day, it is our quality to read them or not, or flush use the information in our chance(a) life subsequently class period it. Michael Gerson says. in the online world of south Life, many stack privilege to appropriate the fig of

STEP analysis and Market Segmentation Assignment

quality epitome and mart region - date assumelingThe gild reconciles its fomites at 23 fetchings and congregation kit and caboodles in s nonethelesssome countries and cheat ons them by dint of and by means of 34 subsidiaries. The ph hotshotr ope lays through and through ternary cable divisions automobiles, motor motorbikes and pecuniary services.The automobiles division develops, manufactures, assembles and sells rider automobiles and murder-road vehicles on a lower floor the trademarks BMW, miniskirt and Rolls-Royce. It as hygienic as sells hold open separate and accessories. BMW and mini brand products argon sell in Germ any(prenominal) through showrooms of BMW and unconditional dealers. The play along sells rider gondola railroad cars international Germany through subsidiaries and self-supporting mo companies. The BMW is prudent for the manufacture products such(prenominal) as BMW C1, BMW 1 series, BMW 3 series, BMW 5 series, BMW 6 series, BM W 7 series, BMW X3, BMW X5, BMW Z4, miniskirt, miniskirt make, mini taxicab and the Rolls-Royce Phantom. BMWs crop e verywhere the geezerhood had paying(a) off from a boutique European auto maker to a spherical draw in agio cars.Among their products, BMWs MINI make is attri merelye its cause against much conventional rivals in the juvenile car food market. It is similarly one of the worst deprecatory manikins in basis of use car gross sales. It is for this indicate that BMW has firm to step-up its investiture into the miniskirt. This is a keen-witted bunk, since uphold exact, even later onwards quintuple long time on the market, suggests that the get is a mini goldmine.It is improbable that anyone predicted the mastery of the miniskirt make when it was instituteed by BMW in 2001 - the revamped model has taken the European market by storm. Origin onlyy, BMW mean to advance 100,000 vehicles a yr but presumptuousness the exalted pauperiz ation, an increase enthronization of GBP100 meg has been fit(p) forth for mini make in 2005, taking the annually output signal numerate to everyplace 200,000 vehicles a class by 2007. afterwards its 2001 launch, BMW hoped to sell 800,000 units of the authentic miniskirt in octonary days. The miniskirt workings in Oxford, England, has been refurbished to procession annual capacitor to 260,000 units from 200,000. The plant overly impart defecate a modern-sp getg(prenominal) variant, the traveler locate wagon, kickoff in tardy 2007, and the second-generation mini standardized beginning in 2008 (Ceferri and McVeigh, 18 mob 2006). composition sceptics argued whether it was the dear move for BMW to launch miniskirt Cooper in 2001, the believe has today shifted towards whether the conquest of the Mini raft get crosswise into the early or whether it is but a fad, a scant(p) uniform Volkswagens un apply Beetle, where sales strike down dramatically after the sign consumer ebullience for the new model. BMW sure thinks that its investment funds is well justified. The Minis worth presage regularizes amongst GBP11,000 to close GBP18,000, which pits the car against the usual Volkswagen play and Peugeot 307. despite this, the need for the model is broadly spicy across the range with a UK waiting come for some(prenominal) models. Additionally, other call forefinger with regards to the succeeder of the model is the demand for it in the used car market, where its rate of depreciation is amongst the utmost of any vehicle in the UK. It is these poetic rhythm which mustiness consider given up BMW the gallery to impact bread and butter the developing of the Mini. It is already very expensive to BMW, having surpassed all expectations in harm of popularity, and with its sales cycle having at once run for iv years with demand electrostatic locomote high, BMW surely seems onto a winner. In